#197: The Italian Verb Form “Congiuntivo Esortativo”

The imperative in Italian formally exists only for “tu” and “voi”. For the other persons except “io”, it borrows forms from the present subjunctive and this usage is called “congiuntivo esortativo”.

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Two Main Takeaways

  • Grammatically speaking, the imperative exists only in the second person singular and plural, since commands are typically given directly to someone.
  • The exhortative subjunctive is used for the imperative for formal or group commands. It’s used for the third person singular and plural and for the first person plural, especially in respectful or polite contexts.

Links Mentioned and Other Resources

  • CLICK HERE to listen to episode #179: The Difference Between “Scusi” and “Scusa”.
  • CLICK HERE to listen to episode #138: Twelve Italian Phrases for Emergencies.
  • CLICK HERE to get the 30 Key Phrases for Your Italian Vacation guide, covering the most important phrases you need to know before going to Italy.

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